During the postwar era, and before the universal adoption of air-conditioning in the United States, leading architects participated in the design of
With an ever-growing interest in mid- and high-rise mass timber construction, this paper highlights the insights and lessons learned across global
This case study provides an overview of building hybrid curtain wall system and future opportunities for the use of timber. It will also review the
Highly transformable materials can be used as adaptive exterior shading systems by leveraging the relationship between external stimuli (heat) and
The history of high performance facades and glazing has been a tale of attempting to manage the conflicting requirements of, on one hand inviting
While most of high-rise buildings feature a core surrounded by a spatial frame defining the volume, one could envision a column-free plan where the
Fidelity between the built enclosure and early visualizations is rarely, if ever, an accident. When achieved, it comes as the result of persistent
It is commonly thought that fenestration U-factor is not a key determinant in the performance of facades in hot climates, and generally the focus of
Today’s environmental challenges highlight the necessity of a holistic approach to façade design and construction, key to achieve the ambitious 2030
Large master planned developments such as Battery Park City in Manhattan, Mission Bay in San Francisco, and Playa Vista in Los Angeles were built
Facades must be responsive to a myriad of qualities and influences ranging from urban impact and aesthetic character to numerous performance