Doubling Mies
Mies van der Rohe’s concurrently designed projects for Commonwealth Promenade Apartments (1953-1956) and the Esplanade Apartments (1953-1957), saw
Mies van der Rohe’s concurrently designed projects for Commonwealth Promenade Apartments (1953-1956) and the Esplanade Apartments (1953-1957), saw
Few buildings are as iconic as Willis Tower. Generations of Chicagoans have a collective memory of this building playing a role in their entire
3.5 billion years ago, cyanobacteria created the foundation for life on Earth by producing the oxygen basis for our atmosphere. Should we once again
Steven Holl Architects designed two new buildings in the Museum District in Houston, Texas. Knippers Helbig is the facade consultant of both
Other than limited special cases, there is a lack of standards providing guidance on the design of structural glass. This has resulted in an ad-hoc
Life cycle assessment was introduced in the 1970s as an analytical tool to quantify the environmental impact of a product, process, or service.
This paper provides an overview of a course focusing on the façade as taught to architecture students over a twenty-year period. The need for this
Many prominent, recent buildings feature forms suggesting structural surface while their enclosures are really non-load-bearing curtain wall. At the
It may be difficult for modern man to believe that what is known as handicraft was once the advanced manufacturing of the day. These techniques were
There were good why reasons early US Modernism first evolved in California– wide open sites with no constraints (physical or zoning), and effectively