Wind-Borne Debris Impacts on Façades
Climate change effects are causing an increase in extreme wind events’ frequency and severity, worldwide. Regions that previously were not prone to
Climate change effects are causing an increase in extreme wind events’ frequency and severity, worldwide. Regions that previously were not prone to
Thermal discomfort can occur in perimeter zones due to radiant heat loss from the occupant to a poorly insulated exterior wall. It is valuable for
Recent years have seen an increase in the use of insulated glazing units (IGUs) in spandrel applications to visually blend the appearance between the
Glass structural elements have become increasingly common to the point of ubiquity; however, there currently is no universally recognized and
Stainless steel has been successfully used in building envelopes since the completion of the Chrysler building in 1928. Today, it is used as both a
Glass spandrels are a common design strategy utilized to opacify floor levels in building facades. These opaque glass assemblies are integrated into
What does the fourth industrial revolution mean to the design and engineering of facades of the future? We are experiencing a global technological
The contemporary renovation of historic buildings often includes all-glass structures that allow architects to preserve the original building design
Currently, most spandrel glass in commercial curtain walls comprises insulating glass fabricated using an interior heat strengthened glass lite that
Facades play a relevant role in the search for a more sustainable approach to modern architecture. The amount of embodied and operational energy can
Access to natural daylight and connection to the outdoor environment is one of the key elements of contemporary architecture. This design concept is