
Recent years have seen an increase in the use of insulated glazing units (IGUs) in spandrel applications to visually blend the appearance between the
This paper presents new historical research on the concrete facade of an important but relatively unknown and now demolished building by the American
Stainless steel has been successfully used in building envelopes since the completion of the Chrysler building in 1928. Today, it is used as both a
Glass spandrels are a common design strategy utilized to opacify floor levels in building facades. These opaque glass assemblies are integrated into
Other than limited special cases, there is a lack of standards providing guidance on the design of structural glass. This has resulted in an ad-hoc
One of the most complex yet least understood areas where fire can spread is at the perimeter of a building. Fire can not only spread from
Facades play a relevant role in the search for a more sustainable approach to modern architecture. The amount of embodied and operational energy can
Access to natural daylight and connection to the outdoor environment is one of the key elements of contemporary architecture. This design concept is
Integrated management of commercial lighting, heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems is considered as one of the most promising building
In order to get to a carbon neutral building stock – which is e.g. required by the EU Carbon roadmap by 2050 – our efforts need to be smart and