Model building codes and standards in the United States use a probabilistic model to define glass load resistance (LR). In general, these model
Thermal bridging through building façades have been overlooked by designers and building energy codes and standards in the past, which has led to
Photovoltaics (PV) have been utilized in buildings for decades, especially in Europe where legislative support has largely driven the market. With
Today, building facades are expected to do much more than merely provide shelter, which is driving the need for higher performing envelope solutions.
California is set to be drier and more drought prone with climate change. Wildfire and the subsequent loss of life and housing is a huge challenge.
For over 60 years architects, engineers, and consultants have been specifying stainless steels for use in building skins and in some structural
Navigating the building code, while challenging in any respect, can be even trickier when considering the use of emerging materials on building
One of the most complex yet least understood areas where fire can spread is at the perimeter of a building. Fire can not only spread from
Large master planned developments such as Battery Park City in Manhattan, Mission Bay in San Francisco, and Playa Vista in Los Angeles were built
ASTM published the first version of ASTM E2461-05: Standard Practice for Determining the Thickness of Glass in Airport Traffic Control Tower Cabs in