Recent Adaptive Textile Façade Systems
The Experimental Works at D1244 in Germany
Presented on October 10, 2024 at Facade Tectonics 2024 World Congress
Sign in and Register
Create an Account
Overview
Abstract
Adaptive facade systems are a promising approach to achieve a dynamic response to varying weather conditions and user demands. The interdisciplinary Cooperative Research Centre 1244 “Adaptive Skins and Structures for the Built Environment of Tomorrow” at the University of Stuttgart explores the technical and architectural potential of such adaptive systems. The CRC’s overarching objective is to reduce the consumption of natural resources, the generation of waste, and the emission of greenhouse gases, while increasing user comfort. The parameters targeted for the design of adaptive façades therefore include among others solar radiation, daylighting, temperature control, and user interaction.
D1244, a 36.5 m high adaptive tower, serves as an experimental platform for the research work performed in the framework of CRC 1244: 24 hydraulic actuators are integrated into the tower’s steel structure. Thus, D1244 can react actively to external loads such as strong winds or earthquakes. The facade of the tower was initially made of a temporary single-layer recycled membrane. This temporary skin is now replaced floor by floor with different adaptive façade systems developed by the research team. In 2023 the focus lay on the façades on the first two floors: light adaptive textile systems and user interaction are the main themes of the first (ground) floor, whereas the second-floor kinetic skin deals with daylighting and shading technologies.
At the ground floor researchers installed a parametrically designed veil-like screen (FiberSKIN), which protects from weathering and regulates light transmission. The two panels at the front side are made of fully recyclable glass and basalt fibers and can be completely opened through a double-sliding mechanism. At the back side of the ground floor an interactive façade system responds dynamically to human touch (MagneticSKIN). Featuring an interaction layer both inside and outside, the façade makes use of electromagnetic actuators to generate a pulse-like sensation when it is activated, thus engaging in haptic interaction with the users. On the second floor, a textile kinetic shading solution for controlling daylighting and reducing heat island effect (KineticSKIN) is currently under construction.
Authors
Lucio Blandini
Director, Full Professor
ILEK, University of Stuttgart
lucio.blandini@ilek.uni-stuttgart.de
Moon-Young Jeong
Doctoral Researcher
moon-young.jeong@ilek.uni-stuttgart.de
Michael Voigt
Doctoral Researcher, IKTD, University of Stuttgart
michael.voigt@iktd.uni-stuttgart.de
Jonathan Lopez
Doctoral Researcher
ILEK, University of Stuttgart
jonathan.hernandez-lopez@ilek.uni-stuttgart.de
Hannah Schürmann
Doctoral Researcher
ILEK, University of Stuttgart
hannah.schuermann@ilek.uni-stuttgart.de
Arina Cazan
Research Assistant
ILEK, University of Stuttgart
arina.cazan@ilek.uni-stuttgart.de
Hannah Raisch
Student
ILEK, University of Stuttgart
st150107@stud.uni-stuttgart.de
Daniel Roth
Head of Research Group Methodical Product Development, IKTD, University of Stuttgart
daniel.roth@iktd.uni-stuttgart.de
Maria Matheou
Junior Professor
ILEK, University of Stuttgart
maria.matheou@ilek.uni-stuttgart.de
Keywords
Paper content
1 Introduction
The building sector stands for more than the fifty percent of human resource consumption, causes the emission of more than 38% of man-made greenhouse gases (GHG) [1]
Access Restricted
Acknowledgements
The research work of CRC 1244 is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – Project-ID 279064222 – SFB 1244. The four projects described in the present paper have been made possible through the research work of different interdisciplinary teams and thanks to the support of several industrial partners and the engagement of the ILEK technicians (T. Tronsberg and M. Berndt). The authors would like to express their gratitude for this support.
FiberSKIN Team: M. Jeong, L. Blandini, H. Schürmann, M. Matheou (ILEK) /
M. Voigt, D. Roth (IKTD)
FiberSKIN Partners: Sailmaker International (i-Mesh), Hörmann KG
Verkaufsgesellschaft, TRUMPF Werkzeugmaschinen SE+Co. KG
MagneticSKIN Team: A. Cazan, H. Raisch, F. Kokud, L. Blandini (ILEK)
MagneticSKIN Partners: Roho GmbH, Koch Membranen GmbH, Mehler-Texnologies GmbH
KineticSKIN Team: M. Jeong, M. Matheou, L. Blandini (ILEK)
KineticSKIN Partners: Josef Gartner GmbH
Canopy Team: J. Lopez, L. Blandini (ILEK)
Canopy Partners: Richter Lighting Technologies
Rights and Permissions
[1] UNEP (2020) 2020 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction: Towards a zero-emissions, efficient and resilient buildings and construction sector. UNEP, Nairobi.
[2] Sobek, W.: non nobis – über das Bauen in der Zukunft: Band 1: Ausgehen muss man von dem, was ist. Stuttgart: avedition, 2022.
[3] Blandini, L. et al.: „D1244: Design and construction of the first adaptive high-rise experimental building“, Frontiers in Built Environment, vol.8, article 814911, 2022. doi: 10.3389/fbuil.2022.814911.
[4] Schlegl, F. et al.: Integration of LCA in the Planning Phases of Adaptive Buildings. In: Sustainability 11(16), 4299, 2019.
[5] Leistner, S. et al.: Research on integral design and planning processes for adaptive buildings, Architectural Engineering and Design Management, vol. 16, article 1856031, 2020, doi: 10.1080/17452007.2020.1856031.
[6] Voigt, M. P. et al.: “The integrated design process of adaptive façades – A comprehensive perspective,” Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 67, article 106043, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106043.
[7] Voigt, Michael P.; Roth, Daniel; Kreimeyer, Matthias (2023): Decision Support for Defining Adaptive Façade Design Goals in the Early Design Phase. In: Energies. DOI: 10.3390/en16083411.
[8] Eisenbarth, C. et al.: HydroSKIN: Lightweight Façade Element for Urban Rainwater Harvesting and Evaporative Cooling. Proceedings of the Facade Tectonics 2022 World Congress, Los Angeles: 2022.
[9] Eisenbarth, C. et al.: Potentials of hydroactive lightweight façades for urban climate resilience. Civil Engineering Design 2022;4:14–24. doi:10.1002/cend.202200003.
[10] Schürmann, H. and Blandini, L.: Recommendations for Adaptable Buildings: D1244 as Case Study for a critical Analysis. Journal of Building Engineering (to be submitted in 02/24).
[11] Blandini, L. et al.: Adaptive Textile Facade Systems -The Experimental Works at D1244, in Facade design - challenges and future perspective, C. Bredon, ed. London: IntechOpen, 2023, doi: 10.5772/intechopen.113125.
[12] Hellfritz H. Innovationen via Galeriemethode. Königstein im Taunus: Eigenverlag; 1978.
[13] Attia S, Lioure R, Declaude Q. Future trends and main concepts of adaptive facade systems. Energy Science & Engineering. 2020:8(9):3255-3272. DOI: 10.1002/ese3.725.
[14] Pallasmaa J. The Eyes of the Skin: Architecture and the Senses. Chichester, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Academy, John Wiley & Sons; 2012.
[15] Aksamija A. Sustainable Facades: Design Methods for High-Performance Building Envelopes. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons; 2013.
[16] Schnittich C, Krippner R, Lang W. DETAIL: Building Skins. Basel: Birkhäuser; 2006.
[17] Jeong MY, Matheou M, Blandini L. Optimisation of daylighting performance through adaptive kinetic envelopes. In: Kanaani M, editor. The Routledge Companion to Ecological Design Thinking Healthful Ecotopian Visions for Architecture and Urbanism. New York: Routledge; 2022. p. 251-262.