Blast Performance of TSSA
Testing of Point Fixed Assemblies
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Overview
Abstract
Architectural preferences for commercial building continue towards increased transparency resulting in large lites of glass with minimal visual obstruction. Point fixed glazing systems meeting this architectural desire are popular especially in entry or common areas at ground level. Recent technology advances have allowed the use of super high strength adhesives to attach these large lites to fittings without the requirement of drilling through glass.
The typical ground floor location increases the probability that the system must function as a protective layer for occupants of the building above and beyond the typical code required exposures such as wind loading. Some blast performance testing has been published on drilled point fixing systems but not on the adhesive method.
The purpose of this paper is to document mock-up testing using a shock tube with an explosive charge to simulate blast loads onto adhesively bonding transparent assemblies. The variables include pre-defined blast loads from ASTM F2912-17 performed on lites laminated with SGP ionomer interlayer.
The study, a first of its kind, enables the ability to quantify potential blast performance for use in large scale testing and building design. Four 2.36” diameter TSSA fittings were attached to lites 60” x 60”. Four assemblies loaded to 7 psi or less showed no breakage or effect on TSSA and glazing. Five assemblies were loaded above 9 psi, and four of the five showed glass breakage resulting in glazing displaced from the opening. In all cases, TSSA remained attached to the metal fittings and no failure, adhesive or cohesive, was noted. The testing shows that this tested TSSA design is capable of an effective safe system, according to AAMA 510-14, at loads of 7 psi or less. The data generated here can be used for engineering the system of TSSA to meet specified loads.
Authors
Jon H. Kimberlain
Principal TS&D Scientist
Dow
jon.kimberlain@dowcorning.com
Lawrence D. Carbary
Dow
l.carbary@dowcorning.com
Keywords
Introduction
Structural silicone attachment of glass panels has been used for nearly 50 years to enhance the aesthetics and performance of modern architecture (Hilliard, 1977; Zarghamee, 1996, Carbary 2007, Schmidt, 1989
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Test Specimens: Fabrication and Quality Assurance
Frames were fabricated from American Standard Steel Channels of dimension 6” x 1.92” x 0.20” web thickness commonly referred to as a C 6” x 8.2# channel. The C Channels
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Results and Discussion
As mentioned above four frame assemblies were tested till the glass was removed from the opening from the blast.
The first test was targeted to reach 10 psi A 89 psi-msec
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Conclusions and Recommendations
This study was undertaken to determine if adhesive attachment of glazing systems has some sort of inherent danger or flaw in low level specified blast performance requirements. It is clearly
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Rights and Permissions
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